9.8 Methods of Determining the Number of Clusters 277
9.9 Optimization Algorithm 284
9.10 Choosing the Number of Clusters 288
9.11 Bayesian Analysis of Mixtures 290
9.12 Fuzzy Clustering 290
9.13 Fuzzy C-Means Clustering 291
10 Big Data Visualization 293
10.1 Big Data Visualization 293
10.2 Conventional Data Visualization Techniques 294
10.3 Tableau 297
10.4 Bar Chart in Tableau 309
10.5 Line Chart 310
10.6 Pie Chart 311
10.7 Bubble Chart 312
10.8 Box Plot 313
10.9 Tableau Use Cases 313
10.10 Installing R and Getting Ready 318
10.11 Data Structures in R 321
10.12 Importing Data from a File 335
10.13 Importing Data from a Delimited Text File 336
10.14 Control Structures in R 337
10.15 Basic Graphs in R 341
Index 347
"This book offers comprehensive coverage of Big Data tools, terminologies and technologies for researchers, business professionals and graduates. This book begins with an overview of what Big Data is and emphasizes all the key concepts of big data end to end. Big Data concepts, technologies, terminologies and storing, processing and analysis techniques and much more -- are all logically organized and reinforced by diagrams and case studies. This book refines readers' understanding of Big Data with in-depth analysis of key concepts. The case studies provided in this book give insight on key concepts. The initial chapters of the book shed light on various characteristics of Big Data that distinguish it from traditional Database Management systems. Big Data Analytics are covered in detail in a separate chapter. Hadoop, the heart of Big Data is handled in the Big Data processing chapter and a deep understanding of its concepts is provided"--
About the Author BALAMURUGAN BALUSAMY, PHD, is a Professor with the School of Computing Science and Engineering at Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
NANDHINI ABIRAMI. R is an IT Consultant and Research Scholar at VIT University in Vellore.
SEIFEDINE KADRY, PhD, is a Professor of Data Science at the Faculty of Applied Computing and Technology at Noroff University College, Kristiansand, Norway.
AMIR H. GANDOMI, PHD, is a Professor of Data Science at the Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Australia.