9.7 Photo Functional Semiconductors on CNT Hybrid Materials for Tunable Optoelectronic Devices 275
9.8 Fabrication of CdS Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells Using Nitrogen‐Functionalized CNTs/TiO2 Nanocomposites 276
9.9 Graphene Sheet 280
9.10 CdS/G Nanocomposites for Efficient Visible Light Driven Photocatalysis 281
9.11 Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C3N4) 283
9.12 Conclusions 284
References 285
10 Graphitic Carbon Nitride‐Based Nanostructured Materials for Photocatalytic Applications 291
Jayaraman Theerthagiri, Kumaraguru Duraimurugan, Hyun‐Seok Kim, and Jagannathan Madhavan
10.1 Introduction 291
10.2 General Mechanism: Reaction Pathway 292
10.3 g‐C3N4 and Composites in Photocatalytic Degradation 294
10.4 Conclusions and Future Directions 304
Acknowledgements 305
References 305
11 Metal–Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Environmental Remediation 309
Mohan Sakar and Trong‐On Do
11.1 Introduction 309
11.2 Structural Features of MOFs 310
11.3 Synthesis of MOFs 312
11.3.1 Evaporation Method 313
11.3.2 Vapor Diffusion Method 313
11.3.3 Gel Crystallization Process 313
11.3.4 Solvothermal Synthesis 313
11.3.5 Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis 314
11.3.6 Sonochemical Methods 314
11.3.7 Electrochemical Synthesis 314
11.3.8 Mechanochemical Synthesis 315
11.4 Photocatalytic MOFs by Design 315
11.5 Photocatalytic Applications of MOFs 317
11.5.1 Degradation of Organic Pollutants 317
11.5.2 CO2 Reduction 320
11.5.3 Heavy Metal Reduction 323
11.5.4 Others 326
11.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 327
Acknowledgements 329
References 329
12 Active Materials for Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide 343
Balasubramanian Viswanathan
12.1 Introduction 343
12.2 CO2 Photoreduction – Essentials 345
12.3 Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Water 348
12.4 Nanomaterials and New Combinations of Materials for Carbon Dioxide Reduction 350
12.5 Selection of Materials 355
12.6 Material Modifications for Improving Efficiency 359
12.7 Perspectives in the Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide 363
Acknowledgements 367
References 367
Index 373
"This book gathers and reviews a wide-range of ideas - from experts in the interdisciplinary fields of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering - focusing on the development of high performance photofunctional materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants. The book contains chapters emphasizing the development of materials such as semiconductor-metal nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, and polymer nanocomposites. The remainder of the book focuses on various applications, like the reduction of carbon dioxide and degradation of organic pollutants"--
About the Author DR. ALAGARSAMY PANDIKUMAR is Scientist at CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, India. His current research involves development of novel materials with graphene, graphitic carbon nitrides, transition metal chalcogenides in combination with metals, metal oxides, polymers and carbon nanotubes for photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells, and electrochemical sensor applications.
DR. KANDASAMY JOTHIVENKATACHALAM is Professor of Chemistry at Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, India. His research interests are photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, photoelectrocatalysis, and chemically modified electrodes.