TY - BOOK AU - Schmidt,Lanny D. TI - The engineering of chemical reactions SN - 0195169255 PY - 2005/// CY - New York PB - Oxford University Press KW - Chemical reactors N1 - Each Chapter ends with Problems. Most chapters end with References. Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition PART I: FUNDAMENTALS 1. Introduction 1.1. Chemical Reactors 1.2. Chemical Reaction Engineering 1.3. What Do We Need To Know? 1.4. Industrial Processes 1.5. Modeling 1.6. Sources 2. Reaction Rates, The Batch Reactor, and The Real World 2.1. Chemical Reactions 2.2. Multiple Reactions 2.3. Reaction Rates 2.4. Approximate Reactions 2.5. Rate Coefficients 2.6. Elementary Reactions 2.7. Stoichiometry 2.8. Reaction Rates Near Equilibrium 2.9. Reactor Mass Balances 2.10. The Batch Reactor 2.11. Variable Density 2.12. Chemical Reactors 2.13. Thermodynamics and Reactors 2.14. Adiabatic Reactor Temperature 2.15. Chemical Equilibrium 2.16. Petroleum Refining 2.17. Polyester from Refinery Products and Natural Gas 2.18. "What Should I Do When I Don't Have Reaction Rates?" 2.19. Reaction-Rate Data 2.20. Summary 3. Single Reactions in Continuous Isothermal Reactors 3.1. Continuous Reactors 3.2. The Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor 3.3. Conversion in a Constant-Density CSTR 3.4. The Plug-Flow Tubular Reactor 3.5. Conversion in a Constant-Density PFTR 3.6. Comparison Between Batch, CSTR, and PFTR 3.7. The 1/r Plot 3.8. Semibatch Reactors 3.9. Variable-Density Reactors 3.10. Space Velocity and Space Time 3.11. Chemical Reactors in a Series 3.12. Autocatalytic Reactions 3.13. Reversible Reactions 3.14. Transients in Continuous Reactions 3.15. Some Important Single-Reaction Processes: Alkane Activation 3.16. Synthesis Gas Reactions 3.17. Staged Reactors 3.18. The Major Chemical Companies 3.19. Reactor Design for a Single Reaction 3.20. Notation 4. Multiple Reactions in Continuous Reactors 4.1. Some Important Industrial Chemical Processes 4.2. The Petrochemical Industry 4.3. Olefins 4.4. Mass Balances 4.5. Conversion, Selectivity, and Yield 4.6. Complex Reaction Networks 4.7. Series Reactions 4.8. Parallel Reactions 4.9. Multiple Reactions with Variable Density 4.10. Real Reaction Systems and Modeling 4.11. Approximate Rate Expressions for Multiple-Reaction Systems 4.12. Simplified Reactions 4.13. Reaction Mechanisms 4.14. Collision Theory of Bimolecular Reactions 4.15. Activated Complex Theory 4.16. Designing Reactors for Multiple Reactions 5. Nonisothermal Reactors 5.1. Heat Generation and Removal 5.2. Energy Balance in a CSTR 5.3. Energy Balance in a PFTR 5.4. Equations to be Solved 5.5. Heat Removal or Addition to Maintain a Reactor Isothermal 5.6. Adiabatic Reactors 5.7. Trajectories and Phase-Plane Plots 5.8. Trajectories of Wall-Cooled Reactors 5.9. Exothermic Versus Endothermic Reactions 5.10. Other Tubular Reactor Configurations 5.11. Temperature Profile in a Packed Bed 6. Multiple Steady States and Transients 6.1. Heat Generation and Removal in a CSTR 6.2. Adiabatic CSTR 6.3. Stability of Steady States in a CSTR 6.4. Observation of Multiple Steady States 6.5. Transients in the CSTR with Multiple Steady States 6.6. Other Reactions in a CSTR 6.7. Variable Coolant Temperature in a CSTR 6.8. Designing Reactors for Energy Management 7. Catalytic Reactors and Mass Transfer 7.1. Catalytic Reactions 7.2. Catalytic Reactors 7.3. Surface and Enzyme Reaction Rates 7.4. Porous Catalysts 7.5. Transport and Reactions 7.6. Mass Transfer Coefficients 7.7. External Mass Transfer 7.8. Pore Diffusion 7.9. Temperature Dependence of Catalytic Reaction Rates 7.10. The Automotive Catalytic Converter 7.11. The Catalytic Wall Reactor 7.12. Langmuir-Hinshelwood Kinetics 7.13. Summary of Surface Reaction Kinetics 7.14. Designing Catalytic Reactors 7.15. Electrochemical Reactors 7.16. Real Catalytic Reactors 7.17. Bioreactors 7.18. The Human Reactor PART II: APPLICATIONS 8. Nonideal Chemical Reactions 8.1. The "Complete" Equations 8.2. Reactor Mass and Energy Balances 8.3. Residence Time Distribution 8.4. Laminar Flow Tubular Reactors 8.5. Dispersion in Tubular Reactors 8.6. Recycle Reactors 8.7. CSTRs in Series 8.8. Diagnosing Reactors 8.9. Summary 9. Reactions of Solids 9.1. Reactions Involving Solids 9.2. Chemical Vapor Deposition and Reactive Etching 9.3. Solids Reactors 9.4. Reaction Rates of Solids 9.5. Films, Spheres, and Cylinders 9.6. Macroscopic and Microscopic Solids 9.7. Dissolving and Growing Films 9.8. Dissolving and Growing Spheres 9.9. Diffusion Through Solid Films 9.10. Transformation of Spheres 9.11. Mass Balances in Solid and Continuous Phases 9.12. Electrical Analogy 9.13. Summary 10. Chain Reactions, Combustion Reactors, and Safety 10.1. Chain Reactions 10.2. Characteristics of Chain Reactions 10.3. Autooxidation and Lab Safety 10.4. Chemical Synthesis and Autooxidation 10.5. Combustion 10.6. Hydrogen Oxodation 10.7. Chain Branching Reactions 10.8. Alkane Oxidation 10.9. Thermal Ignition 10.10. Thermal and Chemical Autocatalysis 10.11. Premixed Flames 10.12. Diffusion Flames 10.13. Energy Generation 10.14. Combustion of Liquids and Solids 10.15. Solid and Liquid Explosives 10.16. Explosions and Detonations 10.17. Reactor Safety 10.18. Summary 11. Polymerization Reactions and Reactors 11.1. Ideal Addition Polymerization 11.2. Polyolefins 11.3. Free-Radical Polymerization 11.4. Catalytic Polymerization 11.5. Condensation Polymerization 11.6. Fischer Tropsch Polymerization 11.7. Polymerization Reactors 11.8. Forming Polymers 11.9. Integrated Polymer Processing 11.10. Crystallization 12. Biological Reaction Engineering 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Biological Molecules 12.3. Cells 12.4. Origins and Changes in Living Systems 12.5. Bioenergy and Metabolic Pathways 12.6. Measurements in Biological Systems 12.7. Rates and Kinetics of Biological Processes 12.8. Biochemical Engineering 12.9. Chemically Synthesized Biological Molecules 12.10. Economics of Bioprocesses 12.11. Biological Reactors 12.12. Summary 13. Environmental Reaction Engineering 13.1. Only Chemical Engineers Can Solve Environmental Problems 13.2. Green Chemistry 13.3. Renewable Chemical Resources 13.4. Regulations 13.5. Accidents 13.6. Waste Treatment 13.7. Modeling the Environment 13.8. Ecological Modeling 13.9. Summary 14. Multiphase Reactors 14.1. Types of Multiphase Reactors 14.2. Mass Transfer Reactors 14.3. Mass Balance Equations 14.4. Interfacial Surface Area 14.5. Mass Transfer Between Phases 14.6. Multiphase Reactor Equations 14.7. Equilibrium Between Phases 14.8. Membrane Reactors 14.9. Falling Film Reactor 14.10. Bubble Column Reactors 14.11. Falling Film Catalytic Wall Reactor 14.12. Trickle Bed Reactor 14.13. Multiphase Reactors with Catalysts 14.14. Other Multiphase Reactors 14.15. Analysis of Multiphase Reactors 14.16. Reactor-Separation Integration 14.17. Catalytic Distillation 14.18. Chromatographic Reactors 14.19. Iron Ore Refining 14.20. The Petroleum Refinery 14.21. Summary Appendix A: Integrating Differential Equations Appendix B: Notation Appendix C: Conversion Factors Index N2 - Thoroughly revised and updated in this second edition, The Engineering of Chemical Reactions focuses explicitly on developing the skills necessary to design a chemical reactor for any application, including chemical production, materials processing, and environmental modeling. This edition also features two new chapters on biological and environmental reaction engineering that provide an exciting introduction to these increasingly important areas of today's chemical engineering market. Streamlined to enhance the logical flow of the subject, The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, 2/e, is easy for instructors to navigate and students to follow. Using real reactions from chemical engineering, the first seven chapters cover such fundamentals as multiple reactions, energy management, and catalytic processes. The final five chapters explore more advanced topics including environmental, polymer, solids processing, biological, and combustion reactions. Practical, real-world examples throughout the text consider reactor and process choices in ways that encourage students to think creatively and build on previous knowledge. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, 2/e, is ideal for upper-level undergraduate courses in chemical reactor engineering, chemical reactor design, and kinetics ER -