Introduction to animal science : global, biological, social, and industry perspectives /
W. Stephen Damron, Oklahoma State University.
- xix, 684 pages: color illustrations, maps; 29 cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of Contents
Preface
PART ONE: THE PLACE OF ANIMALS AND ANIMAL SCIENCE IN THE LIVES OF HUMANS
1. Introduction to the Animal Sciences
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Animal Science Specialties
Animal Distribution
Contributions of Animals to Humanity
Food Source
Other Uses
The Future of Livestock Production
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
2. The Value of Animals to Humanity
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
The Food Uses of Agricultural Animals
Red Meat and Poultry Production
Edible Slaughter By-Products
Milk and Milk Products
Poultry and Eggs
Miscellaneous Food Uses
The Value of Animal Products in the Human Diet
The Nonfood Uses of Agricultural Animals
Body Coverings
Power Sources
Body Wastes
Pest and Weed Control
Storage of Capital and Food
Cultural Uses
Nonfood or Inedible Slaughter By-Products
Human Health Research
Income
Conservation
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
3. Factors Affecting World Agricultural Structure
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Adaptation
Artificial Environments
Adaptive Changes
Climatic Environments of the World
Tropical Climates
Deserts
Cold Environments
Temperate Climates
Social and Cultural Differences
Religion
Levels of Economic Development
Levels of Agricultural Development
Economic Institutions and Agricultural
Development
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
4. Worldwide Systems of Agricultural Production
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Nomadism and Transhumance
Shifting Cultivation and Rudimentary Sedentary
Tillage
Paddy Rice Farming
Peasant Grain, Tuber, and Livestock Farming
Ranching
Commercial Crop and Livestock Farming
Commercial Livestock Finishing
Commercial Dairy Farming
Commercial Grain Farming
Mediterranean Agriculture
Market Gardening
Commercial Plantation
Urban Agriculture
Aquaculture
Developed Versus Subsistence Agriculture
Comparison of the Livestock Industry in the Developed and the Developing Countries
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
PART TWO: THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
5. Introduction To Nutrition
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Nutrients and their Uses
Body Functions and Nutrient Needs
Feed Analysis
Determining the Value of Feedstuffs to Animals
Expressing Feed Composition on a Dry-Matter (DM) Basis
Measures of Energy
Energy Content of Nutrients
Efficiency of Energy Use
Nutrient Requirements
Ration Formulation
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
6. The Gastrointestinal Tract and Nutrition
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Classification of Digestive Systems
An Overview of the Steps of Digestion
Digestion in the Pig
Digestion in the Ruminant
The Fermentation Process
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Ruminant System
Digestion in the Avian
Digestion in the Horse
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
7. Feedstuffs Classification
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Feedstuff Categories
Dry Forages and Roughages
Pasture, Range Plants, and Green Forages
Silages
Characteristics
Energy Feeds
Protein Supplements
Mineral and Vitamin Supplements
Nonnutritive Additives
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
8. Genetics
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
The Gene
Principles of Inheritance
Mitosis and Meiosis
Mitosis
Meiosis
Gene Expression
Dominant and Recessive Expression
Codominance
Incomplete Dominance
Epistasis
Multiple Alleles
Testcrossing
Sex-Related Inheritance
Sex-Linked Inheritance
Sex-Influenced Inheritance
Sex-Limited Traits
Population Genetics
Gene Frequency
Animal Breeding and Population Genetics
Mutation and Genetic Drift
Migration and Selection
Quantity Versus Quality Traits
Qualitative and Quantitative Traits
Heritability
Systems of Mating
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
9. Animal Breeding
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Beef Cattle Genetic Improvement
Heritability
Genetic Correlations
Performance Information
Genetic Evaluation, Breeding Value, and Expected Progeny Difference
Freshwater Prawn Pond Production and Grow-Out (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii)*
Site Selection and Pond Design
Stocking of Juveniles
Temperature
Feeding
Water Quality Management
Nitrogen Compounds
pH
Diseases
Harvesting
Polyculture and Intercropping
Processing and Marketing
Reproduction of Angelfish (Pterophyllum Scalare)*
Water Quality
Nutrition
Spawning
Sources of Information
Study Questions
References
23. Pet and Companion Animals
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
The Place of Pet and Companion Species in the United States
Purpose of the Pet and Companion Animals Industry
Pets and Companion Animals Defined
Value of Pets
Historical Perspective
Geographic Location
Genetics and Breeding Programs
Breeds of Dogs
Breeds of Cats
Breeds of Other Pet Species
Reproductive Management
Nutrition of the Pet Species
Product Name
Net Quantity Statement
Nutritional Adequacy Statement
Feeding Directions
Calorie Statement
Other Label Claims
Challenges to Companion Animal Health
Cancer
Allergic skin disease
Pyometra
Endocrine diseases
Trends in the Pet Industry
Humanizing the Pet
Pet Population
Registered Animals
Pet Foods
Nutrition
Veterinary Expenditures
Mini-Trends
Industry Organizations
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
24. Lamoids
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Scientific Classification of Camelids
The Place of Lamoids in the United States
The Purpose of the Llama and Alpaca Industries
History of the Llama in the United States
Geographic Distribution
Physical Description
Camelidae
Lamoids
Genetics and Breeds
Health Care
Reproduction
Rearing the Cria
Nutrition and Feed Use
Lamoid Feeding
Behavior
Trends and Challenges to the Llama Industry
Research Needs
Educational Needs
Health Care
Organizations and Sources of Information
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
25. Rabbits
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Scientific Classification of the Rabbit
The Place and Purpose of Rabbits in the United States
Historical Perspective
Geographic Location of the Rabbit Industry in the United States
The Structure of the Rabbit Industry
The Rabbit Fancy
Commercial Meat Production
Laboratory Specimen Production
Breeding Stock Production
Angora Production
Breeds and Genetics
Reproductive Management
Nutrition
Health Program
Challenges to Rabbit Health
Pasteurellosis
Mastitis
Diarrhea
Non-infectious diseases
Nutritional Value of Rabbit Meat to Humans
Trends and Factors in Rabbit Production
Advantages of Commercial Rabbit Production
Disadvantages of Commercial Rabbit Production
Management
Organizations and Sources of Information
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
PART FOUR: ANIMALS AND SOCIETY
26. Careers and Career Preparation in the Animal Sciences
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Animal Science Studies and Careers
Production
Science and Medicine
Foods
Agribusiness
Communication and Education
Animal Caretakers
International Opportunities
Trends Affecting Employment
A Job, a Career, a Lifetime: What are You Deciding When You Choose a Career and a Major?
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
27. Food Safety and Consumer Concerns
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
History of Food Safety as a Public Issue
Importance of Food Safety to Consumers
Preventing Foodborne Illnesses
Some Important Microbial Pathogens Associated with Foodborne Illness
Bacteria
Parasitic Protozoa
Viruses
Governmental Agencies and Food Safety
The Role of the FDA
The Role of FSIS
Responsibilities of the Federal Agencies
Changes in FSIS
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)
The Seven HACCP Principles
Additional Changes at FSIS and Other Food Safety Initiatives
The Bioterrorism Act of Ensuring Safety of the Milk Supply
Other Issues of Concern to Consumers
Bovine Somatotropin
Hormones
Antibiotics
Food Irradiation
Mad Cow Disease
Genetically Engineered Products
Sources of Information
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
28. Animal Welfare and Animal Rights
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Animal Rights Versus Animal Welfare
Philosophy, History, and Legislation
Animal Welfare/Animal Rights Groups
Animal Rights Issues Present and Future
Defining and Measuring Animal Welfare
Sources of Information
Suggested Readings
Summary and Conclusion
References
29. Animals in Sustainable Agriculture
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
What is Sustainable Agriculture?
Practices That Are Part of Sustainable Farming
The Systems Philosophy
Animals in Sustainable Agricultural Systems
Monoculture
Sources of Information
Summary and Conclusion
Study Questions
References
Glossary
Index
Relevant and timely, Introduction to Animal Science features the most comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the traditional disciplines that are so essential to a solid foundation in Animal Science: nutrition, digestion, feeds, genetics, reproduction, disease, and animal behavior. The text's comprehensive, non-traditional approach introduces the discipline as an ever-changing, integral part of every aspect of human existence. Author W. Stephen Damron not only presents thorough coverage of the major species and their respective concerns, he challenges readers to consider the many pressing interests relevant to Animal Science as it influences and is influenced by society today.
The Sixth Edition features updated, expanded, and improved coverage including the latest statistical information as appropriate; improvements to the lactation chapter, the animal health chapter, and the animal health sections in each of the species chapters; substantial updates in the biotechnology chapter and the nutrition chapters; enhanced material on food safety; new figures and redesigned and updated graphics throughout; streamlined tables with greater emphasis on example information; and enhanced margin terms and glossary terms to facilitate reading and understanding of the material.