Calibration in analytical science : methods and procedures / Paweł Kościelniak.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Calibration Fundamentals -- 1.1 Analytical Context -- 1.2 Principles of Analytical Calibration -- 1.3 Calibration Standards and Models -- 1.4 Calibration Procedures and Methods -- 1.5 Calibration in the Context of Measurement Errors -- 1.5.1 Uncontrolled Analytical Effects -- 1.5.2 Elimination and Compensation of Uncontrolled Effects -- 1.6 Calibration in Qualitative Analysis -- 1.7 Calibration in Quantitative Analysis -- 1.8 General Rules for Correct Calibration -- References -- Chapter 2 "Calibration-Free" Analysis

2.1 Novel Approach -- 2.2 Empirical Calibration -- 2.3 Theoretical Calibration -- 2.3.1 Fixed Models -- 2.3.2 Flexible Models -- References -- Chapter 3 Calibration Methods in Qualitative Analysis -- 3.1 Classification -- 3.2 External Calibration Methods -- 3.2.1 External Standard Method -- 3.2.2 Reference Sample Method -- 3.3 Internal Calibration Methods -- 3.3.1 Internal Standard Method -- 3.3.2 Indirect Method -- 3.4 Standard Addition Method -- References -- Chapter 4 Introduction to Empirical Calibration in Quantitative Analysis -- 4.1 Classification -- 4.2 Formulation of Model Functions

4.3 Examination of Interference Effect -- 4.4 Mathematical Modeling of Real Function -- References -- Chapter 5 Comparative Calibration Methods -- 5.1 External Calibration Methods -- 5.1.1 External Standard Method -- 5.1.1.1 Modified Procedures -- 5.1.2 Dilution Method -- 5.2 Internal Calibration Methods -- 5.2.1 Internal Standard Method -- 5.2.2 Indirect Method -- References -- Chapter 6 Additive Calibration Methods -- 6.1 Basic Aspects -- 6.2 Standard Addition Method -- 6.2.1 Extrapolative Variant -- 6.2.1.1 Modified Procedures -- 6.2.2 Interpolative Variants -- 6.2.3 Indicative Variant

6.3 Titration -- 6.4 Isotope Dilution Method -- 6.4.1 Radiometric Isotope Dilution -- 6.4.2 Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry -- 6.4.2.1 Modified Procedures -- References -- Chapter 7 Calibration in Nonequilibrium Conditions -- 7.1 Flow Injection Analysis -- 7.1.1 Manipulation Techniques -- 7.1.2 Gradient Technique -- 7.2 Kinetic Analysis -- References -- Chapter 8 Complex Calibration Approaches -- 8.1 Extrapolative Methods -- 8.1.1 Extrapolative Indirect Method -- 8.1.2 Extrapolative Internal Standard Method -- 8.1.3 Extrapolative Dilution Method -- 8.2 Mixed Methods -- 8.3 Combined Methods

8.3.1 Integrated Calibration Methods -- 8.3.1.1 Simple Integrated Method -- 8.3.1.2 Complementary Dilution Method -- 8.3.2 Generalized Calibration Strategy -- 8.3.2.1 Versatile Flow Injection Calibration Module -- 8.3.3 Standard Dilution Analysis -- References -- Chapter 9 Calibration Approaches for Detection and Examination of Interference Effects -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Simple Procedures for Detection and Examination of Interference Effects -- 9.3 Detection and Compensation of Additive Interference Effect -- 9.3.1 Interpolative Procedure -- 9.3.2 Extrapolative Procedure

Univariate analytical calibration is a vital step in every chemical procedure that involves determining the identity or concentration of a particular substance. Depending on the type of instrument and measurement, analytical chemists need to follow different calibration strategies and protocols to ensure their instruments yield accurate readings. Calibration in Analytical Science systematically classifies and describes a wide range of calibration methods and procedures based on mathematical and empirical models for use in qualitative and quantitative analysis. Focusing on the chemical aspects of analytical calibration, this much-needed reference uses a set of equipment-independent terms and definitions that are easily transferable to the calibration strategies of any analytical process. The theoretical basis for calibration of each analytical mode is described and applied to common analytical tasks of increasing levels of difficulty and complexity. Throughout the book, the author illustrates how to combine different calibration approaches to create new calibration strategies with extended capabilities.