Plant breeding reviews / edited by Irwin Goldman.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contributors ix

1. Maria Isabel Andrade: Sweetpotato Breeder, Technology Transfer Specialist, and Advocate 1
Jan W. Low and Edward Carey

I. Early Years 3

II. Research for Devlopment in Southern Africa 7

III. The Advocate and Team Player 18

IV. The Mentor at Work and in her Community 21

V. Awards and Service 24

Literature Cited 25

Publications 26

2 Development of Cold Climate Grapes in the Upper Midwestern U.S.: The Pioneering Work of Elmer Swenson 31
Matthew D. Clark

I. A Cold Climate Grape Industry 32

II. Elmer Swenson 37

III. Grape Improvement in the Midwest 53

IV. Summary and Future Prospects 57

Acknowledgments 57

Literature Cited 58

3 Candidate Genes to Extend Fleshy Fruit Shelf Life 61
Haya Friedman

I. Introduction 62

II. Available Methods for Breeding and Genetic Manipulations 66

III. Cuticle Structure and Effect on Fruit Shelf Life 68

IV. Candidate Genes for Cell‐Wall Modification and Fruit Softening 69

V. Ethylene‐Biosynthesis Pathway and Effect on Fruit Ripening 77

VI. Usefulness of Components of the Ethylene‐Response Pathway for Delay of Fruit Ripening 79

VII. Fruit‐Ripening Delay Based on Manipulation of Upstream Transcription Factors 81

VIII. Concluding Remarks and Future Prospects 84

Acknowledgments 85

Literature Cited 86

4 Breeding Naked Barley for Food, Feed, and Malt 95
Brigid Meints and Patrick M. Hayes

I. Introduction 96

II. The Nud Gene 97

III. Traits of Interest Related to Nud 98

IV. Selecting for β‐Glucan and Starch Type 102

V. Feed Barley Breeding and Quality 104

VI. Food Barley Breeding and Quality 106

VII. Malting Barley Breeding and Quality 108

VIII. Brewing 111

IX. Distilling 112

X. Conclusions and Future Directions 113

Acknowledgments 114

Literature Cited 114

5 The Foundations, Continuing Evolution, and Outcomes from the Application of Intellectual Property Protection in Plant Breeding and Agriculture 121
Stephen Smith

I. Intellectual Property, Intellectual Property Rights, and the Thesis Underlying this Review 125

II. The Philosophical Basis of IP and IPR and the Need to Establish Appropriate Balances 128

III. Intellectual Property, Intellectual Property Rights, and their Associations with Plant Breeding and Agriculture 133

IV. The Global Framework within which IPR Applicable to Plant Breeding Resides 143

V. The Development of Formal Mechanisms of Intellectual Property Rights for Plant Varieties and Plant‐Related Subject Matter 148

VI. Forms of Intellectual Property Protection Available to Plant Breeders and Trait Developers 156

VII. Associations Between IP Systems and the Generation of Benefits 176

VIII. Concluding Comments: Looking to the Future 188

Literature Cited 192

6 The Use of Endosperm Genes for Sweet Corn Improvement: A review of developments in endosperm genes in sweet corn since the seminal publication in Plant Breeding Reviews, Volume 1, by Charles Boyer and Jack Shannon (1984) 215
William F. Tracy, Stacie L. Shuler, and Hallie Dodson‐Swenson

I. Introduction 217

II. Economics 218

III. Endosperm Development 219

IV. Endosperm Mutants, Germination, and Seedling Vigor in Sweet Corn 233

V. Future Prospects 234

Literature Cited 235

7 Gender and Farmer Preferences for Varietal Traits: Evidence and Issues for Crop Improvement 243
Eva Weltzien, Fred Rattunde, Anja Christinck, Krista Isaacs, and Jacqueline Ashby

I. Introduction 245

II. Methods 247

III. Cases Documenting Gender Differentiation for Trait Preferences 250

IV. Findings on Gender‐Specific Trait Preferences 256

V. Issues for Gender‐Responsive Crop Improvement 264

Acknowledgments 273

Literature Cited 273

8 Domestication, Genetics, and Genomics of the American Cranberry 279
Nicholi Vorsa and Juan Zalapa

I. Domestication and Breeding 281

II. Life History Parameters 285

III. Taxonomy 287

IV. Cytology 288

V. Traits of Interest 289

VI. Heritability of Traits 297

VII. Molecular Markers 297

VIII. Nuclear and Organellar Genome Assembly 302

IX. Linkage Mapping and SNP Markers 303

X. Marker‐Trait Association Studies 305

XI. Future Prospects 308

Acknowledgments 310

Literature Cited 310

9 Images and Descriptions of Cucurbita maxima in Western Europe in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 317
Alice K. Formiga and James R. Myers

I. Introduction 318

II. Challenges of Identifying Cucurbits in Historical Sources 319

III. Distinguishing Cucurbita maxima 321

IV. Where was Cucurbita maxima Present in South America Before the Arrival of Europeans and how Early Could it have Arrived in Europe? 327

V. Cucurbita maxima in Herbals and Botanical and Agricultural Books 329

VI. Cucurbita maxima in Art 335

VII. Cucurbita maxima in Botanical Paintings 344

VIII. Cucurbita maxima in Genre Paintings and Still Lifes 346

IX. Conclusion and Future Prospects 349

Acknowledgments 350

Literature Cited 351

Author Index 357

Subject Index 365

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