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2022047979 |
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9781119879527 |
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eng |
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pcc |
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363.738 |
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23/eng/20221109 |
| 245 00 - TITLE STATEMENT |
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| Title |
Microplastics in the ecosphere : |
| Remainder of title |
air, water, soil, and food / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc |
Meththika Vithanage and Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad. |
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2304 |
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Wiley, |
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2023. |
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©2023 |
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1 online resource |
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text |
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txt |
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rdacontent |
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computer |
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rdamedia |
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online resource |
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| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| 505 0# - CONTENTS |
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| Miscellaneous information |
Table of Contents<br/>List of Contributors xvii<br/><br/>Preface xxii<br/><br/>Section I Single Use Plastics 1<br/><br/>1 Scientometric Analysis of Microplastics across the Globe 3<br/>Mansoor Ahmad Bhat, Fatma Nur Eraslan, Eftade O. Gaga, and Kadir Gedik<br/><br/>1.1 Introduction 3<br/><br/>1.2 Materials and Methods 5<br/><br/>1.3 Results and Discussion 5<br/><br/>1.3.1 Trends in Scientific Production and Citations 5<br/><br/>1.3.2 Top Funding Agencies 6<br/><br/>1.3.3 Top 10 Global Affiliations 7<br/><br/>1.3.4 Top Countries 8<br/><br/>1.3.5 Top 10 Databases and Journals 9<br/><br/>1.3.6 Top 10 Published Articles 9<br/><br/>1.3.7 Top 10 Author Keywords and Research Areas 10<br/><br/>1.4 Conclusion 11<br/><br/>Acknowledgments 12<br/><br/>References 12<br/><br/>2 Microplastic Pollution in the Polar Oceans – A Review 15<br/>Manju P. Nair and Anu Gopinath<br/><br/>2.1 Introduction 15<br/><br/>2.1.1 Plastics 15<br/><br/>2.1.2 Plastic Pollution 15<br/><br/>2.1.3 Microplastics 16<br/><br/>2.1.4 Importance of Microplastic Pollution in the Polar Oceans 17<br/><br/>2.2 Polar Regions 17<br/><br/>2.2.1 General 17<br/><br/>2.2.2 Sea Ice 19<br/><br/>2.2.3 Water 19<br/><br/>2.2.4 Sediments 21<br/><br/>2.2.5 Biota 22<br/><br/>2.3 Future Perspectives 23<br/><br/>2.4 Conclusions 24<br/><br/>References 24<br/><br/>3 Microplastics – Global Scenario 29<br/>Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad<br/><br/>3.1 Introduction 29<br/><br/>3.2 Environmental Issues of Plastic Waste 54<br/><br/>3.3 Coprocessing of Plastic Waste in Cement Kilns 55<br/><br/>3.4 Disposal of Plastic Waste Through Plasma Pyrolysis Technology (PPT) 56<br/><br/>3.4.1 Merits of PPT 57<br/><br/>References 59<br/><br/>4 The Single- Use Plastic Pandemic in the COVID- 19 Era 65<br/>Fatma Nur Eraslan, Mansoor Ahmad Bhat, Kadir Gedik, and Eftade O. Gaga<br/><br/>4.1 Introduction 65<br/><br/>4.2 Materials and Methods 66<br/><br/>4.2.3 Estimation of the Daily Amount of Medical Waste in Hospitals 67<br/><br/>4.3.1 Personal Protective Equipment 67<br/><br/>4.3.2 Packaging SUPs 68<br/><br/>4.3.2.1 Trends in Plastic Waste Generation, Management, and Environmental Fate during the COVID- 19 Era 69<br/><br/>4.4.1 Environmental Impacts from SUP Waste 70<br/><br/>4.4.2 Management of SUP Waste 71<br/><br/>4.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects 72<br/><br/>References 72<br/><br/>Section II Microplastics in the Aerosphere 77<br/><br/>5 Atmospheric Microplastic Transport 79<br/>Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, Ana Turyanti, Ersa Rishanti, Beata Ratnawati, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, and Nurani Ikhlas<br/><br/>5.1 The Phenomenon of Microplastic Transport 79<br/><br/>5.2 Factors Affecting Microplastic Transport 81<br/><br/>5.2.1 Types of MPs 81<br/><br/>5.2.2 Characteristics and Sources of Microplastics Emitters 81<br/><br/>5.2.3 Meteorological Conditions 82<br/><br/>5.2.4 Altitude and Surface Roughness 83<br/><br/>5.2.5 Microplastic Deposition Processes in the Ocean 83<br/><br/>5.2.6 Microplastics Deposition Processes in the Air 84<br/><br/>5.3 Microplastic Transport Modelling 85<br/><br/>5.3.1 Eulerian Method 87<br/><br/>References 92<br/><br/>6 Microplastics in the Atmosphere and Their Human and Eco Risks 97<br/>Dhammika N. Magana- Arachchi and Rasika P. Wanigatunge<br/><br/>6.1 Introduction 97<br/><br/>6.2 Microplastics in the Atmosphere 97<br/><br/>6.2.2 Chemical Composition 98<br/><br/>6.2.3 Sources of Microplastics 99<br/><br/>6.2.5 Effects of Climatic Conditions on MP Distribution 101<br/><br/>6.3 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health and the Eco Risk 102<br/><br/>6.3.2 Eco Risk 106<br/><br/>6.4 Strategies to Minimise Atmospheric MPs through Future Research 107<br/><br/>6.5 Conclusion 108<br/><br/>Acknowledgements 109<br/><br/>References 109<br/><br/>7 Sampling and Detection of Microplastics in the Atmosphere 113<br/>Sudip Choudhury, Kuheli Deb, Saurav Paul, Bimal Bhusan Chakraborty, and Sunayana Goswami<br/><br/>7.1 Introduction 113<br/><br/>7.2 Classification 114<br/><br/>7.3.4 Biota 115<br/><br/>7.5 Detection and Characterisation of MPs in the Atmosphere 116<br/><br/>7.5.1 Microscopic Techniques for Detecting MPs 117<br/><br/>7.5.1.6 Hot Needle Technique 119<br/><br/>7.5.1.7 Digital Holography 119<br/><br/>7.5.2 Spectroscopic Techniques for Analysing MPs 120<br/><br/>7.6 Conclusion 121<br/><br/>Funding 121<br/><br/>References 121<br/><br/>8 Sources and Circulation of Microplastics in the Aerosphere – Atmospheric Transport of Microplastics 125<br/>Gobishankar Sathyamohan, Madushika Sewwandi, Balram Ambade, and Meththika Vithanage<br/><br/>8.1 Introduction 125<br/><br/>8.1.1 Occurrence and Abundance of Atmospheric MP 126<br/><br/>8.1.2 Plastic Polymers and Their Properties 127<br/><br/>8.1.3 Sources and Pathways of MPs in the Atmosphere 129<br/><br/>8.2 Temporal and Spatial Trends in MP Accumulation 130<br/><br/>8.3 Formation of MPs 131<br/><br/>8.3.1 Physical Weathering 132<br/><br/>8.3.4 Photo- thermal Oxidation 133<br/><br/>8.3.5 Thermal Degradation 134<br/><br/>8.4.1 Wet Deposition 136<br/><br/>8.6 Predicting MP Dispersion and Transport 137<br/><br/>8.7 Eco- Environmental Impacts 138<br/><br/>8.8 Future Perspectives 139<br/><br/>References 140<br/><br/>Section III Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment 147<br/><br/>9 Interaction of Chemical Contaminants with Microplastics 149<br/>Asitha T. Cooray, Janitha Walpita, Pabasari A. Koliyabandara, and Ishara U. Soyza<br/><br/>9.1 Introduction 149<br/><br/>9.2 Interactions 150<br/><br/>9.3 Mechanisms 152<br/><br/>9.3.3 Kinetics of the Sorption Process 154<br/><br/>9.3.5 Pseudo- Second- Order Model 155<br/><br/>9.3.8 Isotherm Models 156<br/><br/>9.5 Future Approaches 157<br/><br/>References 158<br/><br/>10 Microplastics in Freshwater Environments 163<br/>Florin- Constantin Mihai, Laura A.T. Markley, Farhan R. Khan, Giuseppe Suaria, and Sedat Gundogdu<br/><br/>10.1 Introduction 163<br/><br/>10.2 Microplastics in Rivers and Tributaries 164<br/><br/>10.3 Microplastics in Lakes 166<br/><br/>10.4 Microplastics in Groundwater Sources 167<br/><br/>10.5 Microplastics in Glaciers and Ice Caps 168<br/><br/>10.6 Microplastics in Deltas 169<br/><br/>10.7 Conclusion 171<br/><br/>Acknowledgment 171<br/><br/>References 171<br/><br/>11 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate: Flow and Transport 177<br/>Anna Kwarciak- Kozłowska<br/><br/>11.1 Plastics and Microplastics 177<br/><br/>11.2 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate 180<br/><br/>11.3 Summary 183<br/><br/>Acknowledgments 183<br/><br/>References 183<br/><br/>12 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment – Effects on Ocean Carbon Sequestration and Sustenance of Marine Life 189<br/>Arunima Bhattacharya and Aryadeep Roychoudhury<br/><br/>12.1 Introduction 189<br/><br/>12.2 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment 190<br/><br/>12.2.2.1 Chemical Nature 191<br/><br/>12.3.2.1 Effect on Phytoplankton Photosynthesis and Growth 192<br/><br/>12.3.2.2 Effect on Zooplankton Development and Reproduction 193<br/><br/>12.4 Microplastics and Marine Fauna 194<br/><br/>12.4.2.1 Shrimp 195<br/><br/>12.4.4 Effects on Marine Mammals 196<br/><br/>12.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 197<br/><br/>Acknowledgments 197<br/><br/>References 197<br/><br/>Section IV Microplastics in Soil Systems 201<br/><br/>13 Entry of Microplastics into Agroecosystems: A Serious Threat to Food Security and Human Health 203<br/>Siril Singh, Sheenu Sharma, Rajni Yadav, and Anand Narain Singh<br/><br/>13.1 Introduction 203<br/><br/>13.2 Sources of Microplastics in Agroecosystems 204<br/><br/>13.2.3 Application of Sewage Sludge/Biosolids 205<br/><br/>13.2.6 Landfill Sites 206<br/><br/>13.3.2 Implications for Crop Plants and Food Security 209<br/><br/>13.4 Human Health Risks 211<br/><br/>13.5 Knowledge Gaps 212<br/><br/>13.6 Conclusion and Future Recommendations 212<br/><br/>Acknowledgments 213<br/><br/>References 213<br/><br/>14 Migration of Microplastic- Bound Contaminants to Soil and Their Effects 219<br/>Marta Jaskulak and Katarzyna Zorena<br/><br/>14.1 Introduction 219<br/><br/>14.2 Microplastics as Sorbing Materials for Hazardous Chemicals 220<br/><br/>14.3 Types of Microplastic- Bound Contaminants in Soils 222<br/><br/>14.4 Effects of Exposure and Co- exposure in Soil – Consequences of Contaminant Sorption for MP Toxicity and Bioaccumulation 223<br/><br/>14.5 Microplastic- Bound Contaminants in Soils as Potential Threats to Human Health 224<br/><br/>14.6 Conclusions 226<br/><br/>References 226<br/><br/>15 Plastic Mulch- Derived Microplastics in Agricultural Soil Systems 233<br/>Sammani Ramanayaka, Hao Zhang, and Kirk T. Semple<br/><br/>15.1 Plastic Mulch Films in Agriculture 233<br/><br/>15.2 Types of Synthetic Polymer Mulch Films 234<br/><br/>15.4 Mulch Microplastic Pollution in Soil 235<br/><br/>15.4.1 Influences of Mulch Microplastics on Soil Physical Properties 236<br/><br/>15.4.2.1 Soil Organic Matter (SOM) 237<br/><br/>15.4.2.2 Soil pH 238<br/><br/>15.4.3 The Impact of Microplastics on Soil Biological Properties 239<br/><br/>15.5 Mulch Microplastics as a Vector 240<br/><br/>15.6 Challenges and Future Perspectives 242<br/><br/>References 243<br/><br/>16 Critical Review of Microplastics in Soil 249<br/>Fábio C. Nunes, Lander de Jesus Alves, Cláudia C.N. de Carvalho, Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad, and José R. de Souza Filho<br/><br/>16.1 Introduction 249<br/><br/>16.2 Sources and Transfer of Microplastics in Soils 251<br/><br/>16.3 Classification, Qualification, and Quantification of Microplastics in Soil 253<br/><br/>16.4 Effects and Risks of Microplastics on Soil Health 255<br/><br/>16.5 Analytical Methodologies for Microplastics in Soil 259<br/><br/>16.6 Epilogue and Future Perspectives 262<br/><br/>Acknowledgment 262<br/><br/>References 262<br/><br/>17 What Do We Know About the Effects of Microplastics on Soil? 271<br/>Ana Paula Pinto, Teresa Ferreira, Ana V. Dordio, Alfredo Jorge Palace Carvalho, and Jorge M.S. Faria<br/><br/>17.1 Introduction 271<br/><br/>17.2 Why and How Do MPs End Up in the Soil? 272<br/><br/>17.2.1 Mulching Films 273<br/><br/>17.2.2 Sewage Sludge/Compost Application 274<br/><br/>17.2.3 Irrigation 275<br/><br/>17.4 Microplastics as Carriers of Soil Contaminants – Contaminant Vectors 277<br/><br/>17.4.1 MPs as Carriers of Metals and/or Metalloids 278<br/><br/>17.4.2 MPs as Carriers of Organic Pollutants 279<br/><br/>17.5 Microplastic Effects 280<br/><br/>17.5.2 MP Effects on Plant Growth Performance 283<br/><br/>17.5.3 MP Effects on Soil Nutrient Cycling 289<br/><br/>17.6 Conclusions and Perspectives for Future Research 291<br/><br/>References 292<br/><br/>18 Microbial Degradation of Plastics 305<br/>Abin Sebastian, Aleena Maria Paul, Donia Dominic, Misriya Shaji, Priya Jose, Sarika Sasi, and Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad<br/><br/>18.1 Introduction 305<br/><br/>18.2 Diversity of Plastic- Degrading Microbes 307<br/><br/>18.3 Mechanism of Microbe- Mediated Decomposition of Plastics 309<br/><br/>18.4 Molecular Factors in the Microbial Breakdown of Plastics 311<br/><br/>18.5 Microbes and Sustainable Degradation of Plastics 313<br/><br/>18.5.1 Outlook 315<br/><br/>References 316<br/><br/>19 Microplastics and Soil Nutrient Cycling 321<br/>Madhuni Wijesooriya, Hasintha Wijesekara, Madushika Sewwandi, Sasimali Soysa, Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Meththika Vithanage, and Nanthi Bolan<br/><br/>19.1 Introduction 321<br/><br/>19.2 Microplastics in Soil 322<br/><br/>19.3 Effect of Microplastics on Nutrient Cycling 323<br/><br/>19.3.1 Soil Nitrogen Cycling 324<br/><br/>19.3.3 Soil Phosphorous Content 325<br/><br/>19.4 Effect of Microplastic- Driven Factors on Soil Nutrient Cycling 326<br/><br/>19.4.1 Properties of Microplastics 326<br/><br/>19.4.3 Soil Chemical Characteristics 329<br/><br/>19.4.4 Soil Physical Characteristics 330<br/><br/>19.4.5 Consequences of Microplastics for Nutrient Cycling and Implications 331<br/><br/>19.5 Mechanisms of Microplastic- Driven Plant Toxicity/Nutrient Uptake 332<br/><br/>19.6 Future Perspectives 333<br/><br/>References 333<br/><br/>Section V Microplastics in Food Systems 339<br/><br/>20 Microplastics in the Food Chain 341<br/>Chamila V.L. Jayasinghe, Sharmila Jayatilake, H. Umesh K.D.Z. Rajapakse, N.K. Sandunika Kithmini, and K.M. Prakash M. Kulathunga<br/><br/>20.1 Introduction 341<br/><br/>20.2 Presence of Microplastics in the Food Chain 342<br/><br/>20.2.1 Transmission Through the Food Chain 343<br/><br/>20.2.2 Other Pathways Through Which Microplastics Enter Food 345<br/><br/>20.2.2.1 Transmission from Food Packaging 346<br/><br/>20.3 Possible Health Effects of Microplastics in Food 347<br/><br/>20.4 How to Minimize Microplastic Contamination in Food 348<br/><br/>20.4.1 Need for Research on the Realistic Ecological Impact of Microplastics 349<br/><br/>20.4.2 Effective Methods of Microplastic Detection and Removal 349<br/><br/>20.4.4 Efficient Disposal of Plastic Waste 350<br/><br/>20.5 Summary 350<br/><br/>References 351<br/><br/>21 Microplastics in Salt and Drinking Water 357<br/>Muthumali U. Adikari, Nirmala Prasadi, and Chamila V.L. Jayasinghe<br/><br/>21.1 Microplastics in Salt 357<br/><br/>21.1.1 Introduction 357<br/><br/>21.1.1.1 Microplastics in Salt: Occurrence and Abundance 357<br/><br/>21.1.1.2 Microplastic Contamination in Different Salt Types 358<br/><br/>21.1.1.3 Estimated Consumption of Microplastics through Salt 360<br/><br/>21.2.1 Introduction 361<br/><br/>21.2.4 Microplastics in Drinking Water: Analytical Methods Used 363<br/><br/>21.2.5 Removal Strategies 364<br/><br/>21.3 Summary 365<br/><br/>References 365<br/><br/>22 Microplastics in Commercial Seafood (Invertebrates) and Seaweeds 369<br/>Sanchala Gallage<br/><br/>22.1 Microplastics in Commercial Seafood and Seaweeds 369<br/><br/>22.1.3 Possible MP Accumulation Pathways in Commercial Seafood 371<br/><br/>22.1.4 Microplastics in Commercial Seafood and Seaweeds 372<br/><br/>22.1.4.2 Microplastics in Shrimp 373<br/><br/>22.1.4.3 Microplastics in Crabs 374<br/><br/>22.1.4.4 Microplastics in Lobsters 375<br/><br/>22.1.4.5 Microplastics in Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers 376<br/><br/>22.1.4.6 Microplastics in Seaweeds 377<br/><br/>22.1.5 Concluding Notes 377<br/><br/>Acknowledgement 378<br/><br/>References 378<br/><br/>23 Microplastic Toxicity to Humans 381<br/>Magdalena Madeła<br/><br/>23.1 Introduction 381<br/><br/>23.2 Ingestion of Microplastics 382<br/><br/>23.3 Human Exposure to Inhalation of Microplastics 384<br/><br/>23.4 Human Exposure to Dermal Contact with Microplastics 385<br/><br/>23.5 Conclusions 386<br/><br/>References 387<br/><br/>Section VI Treatment Technologies and Management 391<br/><br/>24 Management of Microplastics from Sources to Humans 393<br/>Samanthika Senarath and Dinushi Kaushalya<br/><br/>24.1 Introduction 393<br/><br/>24.1.1 Composition and Characteristics of Microplastics 394<br/><br/>24.2 Classification and Sources of Microplastics 394<br/><br/>24.2.1 Sources of Human Exposure to Microplastics 395<br/><br/>24.3 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health 396<br/><br/>24.4 Social and Ecological Impacts of Microplastics 397<br/><br/>24.4.1 Management Strategies for Microplastics 398<br/><br/>24.4.1.1 Proper Management of Plastics and Plastic Waste 399<br/><br/>24.4.1.2 Use of Bio- based and Biodegradable Plastics 400<br/><br/>24.4.1.3 Improvement of Wastewater and Solid Waste Treatment Processes 400<br/><br/>24.5 Prospects in Microplastic Management 401<br/><br/>24.6 Summary 401<br/><br/>References 401<br/><br/>25 Single- Use Ordinary Plastics vs. Bioplastics 405<br/>Iwona Zawieja<br/><br/>25.1 Ordinary Plastic – General Characteristics 405<br/><br/>25.2 Bioplastics – General Characteristics 406<br/><br/>25.3 Biodegradability of Bioplastics 408<br/><br/>25.5 Environmental Benefits of Using Bioplastic 410<br/><br/>25.6 Summary 412<br/><br/>Acknowledgments 412<br/><br/>References 413<br/><br/>Section VII Case Studies 415<br/><br/>26 Plastic Nurdles in Marine Environments Due to Accidental Spillage 417<br/>Madushika Sewwandi, Santhirasekaram Keerthanan, Kalani Imalka Perera, and Meththika Vithanage<br/><br/>26.1 Introduction 417<br/><br/>26.1.2 Plastic Nurdles 418<br/><br/>26.2.2.1 Nurdle Distribution on Beaches in the Atlantic Ocean in the Twentieth Century 419<br/><br/>26.2.2.2 Nurdle Distribution on Beaches in the Atlantic Ocean in the Twenty- First Century 420<br/><br/>26.2.2.3 Nurdle Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea 421<br/><br/>26.3.2 Fate and Transport of Nurdles in Marine Systems 422<br/><br/>26.3.3 Impacts of Nurdle Spillage on the Marine Environment 423<br/><br/>26.4 X- Press Pearl Shipwreck – Case Study 424<br/><br/>26.4.1 Nurdle Spillage 424<br/><br/>26.4.3 Characteristics and Contamination of Spilled Nurdles 425<br/><br/>26.4.4 Possible Impacts 427<br/><br/>26.4.4.1 Marine Environment 428<br/><br/>26.4.4.5 Impact on the Economy 429<br/><br/>References 429<br/><br/>27 Compost- Hosted Microplastics – Municipal Solid Waste Compost 433<br/>K.S.D. Premarathna, Sammani Ramanayaka, Ayanthie Navaratne, Hasintha Wijesekara, Jasintha Jayasanka, and Meththika Vithanage<br/><br/>27.1 Municipal Solid Waste 433<br/><br/>27.1.2 Composting Process as a Source of Microplastics 435<br/><br/>27.2.2 Sizes of microplastics 436<br/><br/>27.2.3 Characteristics of Compost- Hosted Microplastics 436<br/><br/>27.3 Impact of Microplastic- Contaminated Compost on Soil Properties 437<br/><br/>27.3.2 Impact on Soil Chemical Properties 438<br/><br/>27.4 Compost- Hosted Microplastics as a Vector 440<br/><br/>27.4.1 Effect on Soil Organisms 441<br/><br/>27.5 Future Perspectives 442<br/><br/>References 443<br/><br/>28 Single- Use Ordinary Plastics and Bioplastics – A Case Study in Brazil 449<br/>Luís P. Azevedo, Carlos A.F. Lagarinhos, Denise C.R. Espinosa, and Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad<br/><br/>28.1 Introduction 449<br/><br/>28.1.1 Municipality of São Paulo (the Largest in the Country) – State Law No. 15374/2011 451<br/><br/>28.1.2 State of Rio de Janeiro – State Law No. 8473/2019 451<br/><br/>28.1.3 Santos(SP) – Municipal Law 232/2019 452<br/><br/>28.1.4 Ilhabela(SP) – Municipal Law 598/2008 452<br/><br/>28.1.5 São Sebastião (SP) – Municipal Law 2590/2018 452<br/><br/>28.1.6 Natal (RN) – Municipal Law 295/2009 452<br/><br/>28.1.7 Fernando de Noronha Island (PE) – District Decree 002/2018 452<br/><br/>28.2.2 Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) Bioplastic 453<br/><br/>28.2.5 Shrimp Shell Bioplastic 454<br/><br/>28.2.9 Organic Waste Bioplastic 455<br/><br/>28.5 Energy Recovery 457<br/><br/>28.6 Public Policies 458<br/><br/>28.7 Impacts of Environmental Legislation 459<br/><br/>28.8 Challenges of Bioplastics Production 460<br/><br/>28.9 Conclusions 461<br/><br/>References 462<br/><br/>29 Microplastics Remediation – Possible Perspectives for Mitigating Saline Environments 465<br/>Amir Parnian, Mehdi Mahbod, and Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad<br/><br/>29.1 Introduction 465<br/><br/>29.2 Assimilation of Microplastics in Saline Water Bodies and Soil Ecosystems 467<br/><br/>29.3 Microplastic Self- Aging and Degradation: Hopes and Risks for the Ecosystem 468<br/><br/>29.4 Microplastics: Technologies for Remediating Saline Environments 468<br/><br/>29.5 Economic and Social Aspects of Microplastic Remediation in Saline Conditions 471<br/><br/>29.6 Conclusion: Hopes, and Resistance to Environmental Remediation to Achieve a Cleaner Environment 472<br/><br/>References 472<br/><br/>30 The Management of Waste Tires: A Case Study in Brazil 477<br/>Carlos Alberto Ferreira Lagarinhos, Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, and Luís Peres de Azevedo<br/><br/>30.1 Introduction 477<br/><br/>30.2 Methodology 478<br/><br/>30.3 Results and Discussions 479<br/><br/>30.3.4 Comparison Between Systems for Recycling Tires in the EU Countries, the United States, Japan, and Brazil 481<br/><br/>30.3.5 Technologies for Reuse, Recycling, and Energy Recovery 484<br/><br/>30.3.8 Tire Pyrolysis Process 486<br/><br/>30.3.9 Reclaimed Rubber and Rugs for Automobiles 486<br/><br/>30.3.11 Asphalt Rubber 487<br/><br/>30.4 Reverse Logistics Tires in Brazil 488<br/><br/>30.4.2 Recycling by Tire Manufacturers 490<br/><br/>30.6 Conclusions 495<br/><br/>References 496<br/><br/>Index 499 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc |
"Offering a comprehensive overview of microplastics in terrestrial environments, the book is a valuable resource for environmental researchers, soil chemists, ecologists and toxicologists, as well as for policymakers and non-experts. It presents a compilation of compelling insights into the fundamentals of microplastics, with a specific focus on the environmental interactions and subsequent management strategies to mitigate the persistent contamination of microplastics"-- |
| Assigning source |
Provided by publisher. |
| 545 0# - BIOGRAPHICAL OR HISTORICAL DATA |
|---|
| Biographical or historical note |
About the Author<br/>Meththika Vithanage, PhD is a Professor and founding Director of the Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka. She holds adjunct professor positions in the UWA, Australia, UPES, India and NIFS, Sri Lanka. She has published more widely than any other environmental science researcher in Sri Lanka. She is a Highly Cited Researcher and publishes widely in the field of Environmental Science.<br/><br/>Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad, PhD is Emeritus Professor at the School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India. He has decades of experience teaching and publishing on environmental science subjects, and his awards include the 2007 Pitamber Pant National Environment Fellowship by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Microplastics. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element |
Microplastics |
| General subdivision |
Environmental aspects. |
| 655 #4 - INDEX TERM--GENRE/FORM |
|---|
| Genre/form data or focus term |
Electronic books. |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Vithanage, Meththika, |
| Relator term |
editor. |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Prasad, M. N. V. |
| Fuller form of name |
(Majeti Narasimha Vara), |
| Dates associated with a name |
1953- |
| Relator term |
editor. |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
|---|
| Uniform Resource Identifier |
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119879534 |
| Link text |
Full text is available at Wiley Online Library Click here to view |
| 906 ## - LOCAL DATA ELEMENT F, LDF (RLIN) |
|---|
| a |
7 |
| b |
cbc |
| c |
orignew |
| d |
1 |
| e |
ecip |
| f |
20 |
| g |
y-gencatlg |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS |
|---|
| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
|
| Item type |
EBOOK |